Considerable heterogeneity was observed between centers. Daily PaCO 2 nadir was lower in patients with intracranial hypertension (33.8 vs 35.7 mmHg, p < 0.001). Mean daily minimum PaCO 2 values were significantly lower in the ICP m group (34.5 vs 36.7 mmHg, p < 0.001). We included 1100 patients, with a total of 11,791 measurements of PaCO 2 (5931 lowest and 5860 highest daily values). We evaluated the effect of profound hyperventilation (defined as PaCO 2 < 30 mmHg) on long-term outcome. We also assessed PaCO 2 management in patients with and without ICP monitoring (ICP m), and with and without intracranial hypertension. The primary aim was to describe current practice in PaCO 2 management during the first week of intensive care unit (ICU) after TBI, focusing on the lowest PaCO 2 values. Secondary analysis of CENTER-TBI, a multicentre, prospective, observational, cohort study. To describe the management of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2) in severe traumatic brain-injured (TBI) patients, and the optimal target of PaCO 2 in patients with high intracranial pressure (ICP).
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